Written By: Dr. Katherine Cheng
Uterine fibroids (子宮肌瘤), also known as leiomyomas, are common non-cancerous growths that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. While most women aren't aware they have fibroids because they often cause no symptoms, their effects can range from mild to severe, depending on the number, size, and type of fibroids. In this blog, we will delve into the details of fibroids, who can get them, how they develop, the different types, and available treatments.
Fibroids are benign tumours that originate from smooth muscle cells within the uterus. They can vary in size, grow very large, and can occur in different places in the uterus. While fibroids are not associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer, they can cause several health problems, including heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and, in some cases, fertility issues. In extreme cases, some fibroids grow large enough to fill the stomach or pelvis area.
Fibroids are most common in women of reproductive age, especially those between 30 and 40. However, they can occur at any age. Certain factors can increase a woman's risk of developing fibroids, such as family history, ethnicity (with African women at higher risk), obesity, and early onset of menstruation. These factors combined with hormonal imbalances can contribute to the development of fibroids.
The exact cause of fibroid development is unclear, but research and clinical experience point to several factors. Genetics plays a role, as the condition often runs in families. Hormones, specifically estrogen and progesterone, which support pregnancy, also promote the growth of fibroids. Additionally, growth factors and tissue injury can influence fibroid development. It's also important to note that fibroids tend to shrink after menopause when hormone production decreases.
Fibroids are classified by their location in the uterus. Intramural fibroids, the most common type, develop within the uterine wall. Subserosal fibroids grow on the outer wall of the uterus, while submucosal fibroids grow just beneath the uterine lining and into the uterine cavity. Pedunculated fibroids develop a stem, a slender base that supports the tumor.
Uterine fibroids are diagnosed through a series of tests and procedures which may include:
Treatment for fibroids depends on the severity of your symptoms, the fibroids' size and location, and whether you're pregnant or planning to conceive. If you are relatively asymptomatic and the size of fibroids is small, you can regularly monitor fibroids' growth. Medication could sometimes relieve symptoms of heavy menstrual flow. Non-surgical procedures such as Uterine Artery Embolisation and high-intensity focused ultrasound are the treatment options.
Surgical options include myomectomy, which removes the fibroids and hysterectomy, which removes the uterus. Hysterectomy is usually the last resort and is only considered when other treatments have failed or if the fibroids are huge.
What naturally kills fibroids? Natural remedies to maintain a healthy weight and a balanced diet can also help manage symptoms of fibroids. Some research suggests that green tea may help reduce the size and number of fibroids, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.
Uterine fibroid is common during reproductive years. Although they can cause discomfort and complications, there are several treatment options available, ranging from medication to surgery. If you suspect you have fibroids or are experiencing symptoms, it's essential to seek medical attention promptly.
At OT&P Healthcare, we provide a comprehensive range of services to help manage and treat fibroids and other women's health issues. Our team of dedicated professionals is committed to providing the highest quality care to all our patients. Schedule an appointment with a doctor if you have concerns about fibroids or other women's health issues. We're here to help you navigate your health journey and provide the best possible care.