Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) is a leading non-invasive treatment for kidney stones. It helps thousands of patients annually break down stones without the need for open surgery. This advanced medical procedure uses shock waves to break kidney stones into tiny pieces that can be passed naturally through the urinary tract. Here, we delve into the mechanics of ESWL, its effectiveness, and the considerations patients should know before undergoing this revolutionary treatment.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) is a medical procedure using focused sound waves generated by the lithotripsy machine outside the body (“extracorporeal”)to break up kidney stones. The procedure is typically used to crush a symptomatic kidney stone, (one causing pain, bleeding, infection or kidney damage) that cannot pass naturally through the urinary tract and is suitable for shock wave therapy.
During an ESWL procedure, the patient lies on a water-filled cushion, and the kidney stone is targeted with the help of X-rays or ultrasound. High-energy sound waves pass through the body without injuring it and converge on the stone, breaking it into small pieces. These pieces can then pass through the urinary tract more easily. The healthcare provider monitors the process in real-time using imaging equipment, ensuring precision and effectiveness.
The advantages of opting for ESWL include:
Preparing for ESWL involves minimal requirements, but it's important to follow the doctor’s instructions closely. Patients may need to stop taking certain medications and refrain from eating or drinking for a few hours before the procedure.
Patients might receive sedatives or light anesthesia during the procedure to ensure comfort. The procedure itself typically lasts about 45 minutes to an hour. While ESWL is generally not painful, some patients might experience a light tapping feeling as the shock waves pass through the body. If there are stone remnants, ESWL can be repeated two more times (for a total of three) to ensure more adequate stone passage.
After undergoing ESWL, patients might notice bruising and discomfort near the treated area. Passing stone fragments can also cause mild pain and blood in the urine. Drinking plenty of water helps facilitate the passing of stone fragments and minimises complications.
It’s crucial to monitor for any signs of complications, such as severe pain, fever, or excessive bleeding, follow up with the healthcare provider for further evaluations, and confirm the stone’s complete removal.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) represents a significant advancement in the treatment of kidney stones, offering a non-invasive, effective, and relatively quick solution for many patients. By understanding what to expect and diligently following post-procedure care instructions, patients can achieve optimal outcomes and resume their daily activities with minimal disruption. If you’re experiencing kidney stone symptoms, consult your healthcare provider to see if ESWL is the right treatment for you.
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